Finland – (E5) Affordable public and private news media
The prices for media services in relation to household income remain affordable.
Indicators: Equality / Interest mediation
Finland – (E4) Minority / Alternative media
The supply of media content in Swedish and Sámi languages is extensive in relation to the size of the population in Finland, but other minority and alternative media organisations are limited.
Finland – (E2) Media ownership concentration regional level
Apart from newspapers, the leading news media houses in Finland are more nationally oriented. There are no significant regional or local television channels. Dominant regional newspapers generally face no direct competition in their own market area.
Finland – (E1) Media ownership concentration national level
The national media market is relatively concentrated, with only a handful of companies dividing the market in each sector. Since 2011, mergers and acquisitions within the industry have continued, but the overall concentration ratios have remained stable.
Denmark – (E7) Code of ethics at the national level
National media have high ethical standards and procedures on a formal as well as informal level.
Denmark – (E5) Affordable public and private news media
Public service media are relatively affordable. Newspapers – both print and online – are relatively expensive.
Denmark – (E4) Minority / Alternative media
The only officially recognised minority group in Denmark, the Germans, have their own media. Other minorities are less visible and represented in the Danish media landscape.
Germany – (E10) Rules and practices on internal pluralism
No internal formal rules are in place, but newsroom meetings are a regular practice to discuss and check for pluralism.
Germany – (E5) Affordable public and private news media
All news media are quite cheap compared to the average income of a German household.
Germany – (E4) Minority / Alternative media
Large and mid-size minority groups are increasingly recognised by existing media, but, compared to the diversity of society, minority media are rather a niche-phenomenon, and only a few large and powerful minorities operate their own media.
