Canada – (E10) Rules and practices on internal pluralism
A wide variety of rules and practices exist when it comes to ensuring that news organisations include a wide variety of perspectives.
Indicators: Equality / Interest mediation
Canada – (E9) Participation
While some avenues remain open, others have closed to greater public contributions.
Canada – (E8) Level of self-regulation
An established broadcasting self-regulator for private broadcasters.
Canada – (E7) Code of ethics at the national level
While most news organisations have a code of ethics or set of journalistic standards of practice during their work, there is no mandatory national code of ethics in Canada.
Canada – (E6) Content monitoring instruments
There is no formal monitoring.
Canada – (E5) Affordable public and private news media
Prices vary, but Canadians can access news.
Canada – (E4) Minority/ Alternative media
Efforts have been made to establish a minority and alternative media sector within the wider news system.
Canada – (E3) Diversity of news formats
There is great diversity of formats for Canadian news.
Canada – (E2) Media ownership concentration regional (local) level
Local media continues to struggle but does not suffer from the same ownership concentration as the national news services.
Canada – (E1) Media ownership concentration: national level
The issue of news concentration has been the subject of successive government studies for 50 years, with very little change. The digital environment has provided a wealth of viewpoints, introducing new problems.
