Portugal – (E10) Rules and practices on internal pluralism
Internal pluralism is fairly well promoted in the main news media, and they give voice to various groups.
Indicators: Equality / Interest mediation
Portugal – (E9) Participation
People are not particularly encouraged to participate in the news process, in spite of some improvements in the online context, where the possibility for commentary is generally available.
Portugal – (E8) Level of self-regulation
Some self-regulation mechanisms exist on the level of the main news media, but their presence is less visible than in the past.
Portugal – (E7) Code of ethics at the national level
A national Code of Ethics exists, but not all leading media respect it.
Portugal – (E6) Content monitoring instruments
There are different monitoring instruments and they are publicly available, but some complaints about their inaction or passivity arise now and then.
Portugal – (E5) Affordable public and private news media
Prices are decreasing and much free content is available, but the cost of news media is still relatively high for an average household. In the sensitive area of telecommunications (cable television, Internet access, mobile phone), prices are increasing, while they are decreasing in most other European countries.
Portugal – (E4) Minority / Alternative media
Relatively little attention is paid to minorities in the mainstream media, and they have little media of their own.
Portugal – (E3) Diversity of news formats
There is an increasing homogenisation of formats, leading to less diversity in the public offer.
Portugal – (E2) Media ownership concentration regional level
Ownership concentration at the regional level is very low, with many dozens of small newspapers belonging to different owners
Portugal – (E1) Media ownership concentration national level
There are three or more competitors for every area. There is some concentration in a few media groups, but various relevant titles still exist outside those groups.
