Hong Kong – (E10) Rules and practices on internal pluralism

Some Hong Kong newsrooms, including public service broadcasting stations, have codified rules on internal pluralism, but they do not necessarily follow the rules. A large majority of leading newsrooms are making efforts to extend the range of voices represented by the media. However, a third of respondents suggested that their companies engaged in self-censorship and did not give experts from all sides equal chances to present their case.

Italy – (E10) Rules and practices on internal pluralism

Pluralism of viewpoints is regularly controlled by the Communications Guarantee Authority (Agcom). Private television broadcasters respect the par condicio during election periods, while the public service is obliged to allocate air time proportionally to all the political forces in Parliament.

United Kingdom – (E10) Rules and practices on internal pluralism

UK broadcast news is subject to strict rules on impartiality and the representation of views on any programming dealing with controversial or political matters. Newspapers are free to be partisan but usually provide at least some space for opposing voices or views.