Germany – (E10) Rules and practices on internal pluralism
No internal formal rules are in place, but newsroom meetings are a regular practice to discuss and check for pluralism.
Indicators: (E10) Rules and practices on internal pluralism
Finland – (E10) Rules and practices on internal pluralism
Internal pluralism is generally encouraged and valued, but aside from general professional guidelines and values, there are few formal rules.
Denmark – (E10) Rules and practices on internal pluralism
The internal pluralism in Denmark is based more on practices than rules and most often discussed in relation to professional journalistic values.
Belgium – (E10) Rules and practices on internal pluralism
There is a lack of designated rules and guidelines applicable to presenting opinions of journalists within the same newsroom. Overt diversity in viewpoints is most notable at the fringe, online-only news media.
Switzerland – (E10) Rules and practices on internal pluralism
Media organisations strive for pluralism. Their editorial statutes should ensure that different views are brought to bear and reported from different perspectives. However, the diversity in newsrooms leaves much to be desired.
Iceland – (E10) Rules and practices on internal pluralism
Icelandic newsrooms do not have codified rules on internal pluralism, but journalists try to make sure that there is diversity in the range of voices represented.
Canada – (E10) Rules and practices on internal pluralism
A wide variety of rules and practices exist when it comes to ensuring that news organisations include a wide variety of perspectives.
Greece – (E10) Rules and practices on internal pluralism
It is the personal responsibility of the editor-in-chief or chief producer to check for internal pluralism. Plurality is the default practice for the public service broadcaster ERT. On the other hand, commercial broadcasters are mostly tied to a specific political orientation, presenting a mono-dimensional policy in terms of internal pluralism. Thus, plurality in media is achieved through quantity of partisan perspectives, rather than through diversity of opinions inside a single medium.
Austria – (E10) Rules and practices on internal pluralism
Most Austrian newsrooms do not have codified rules on internal pluralism – public service television being the exception. Leading newsrooms are undertaking efforts to extend the range of voices represented by the media.
United Kingdom – (E10) Rules and practices on internal pluralism
UK newspapers are not bound by internal pluralism rules. Though they do practice a degree of internal pluralism, most have a distinct political, social and cultural orientation. The public service broadcasters are bound by regulation to provide internal pluralism, and all UK news broadcasters are bound by an impartiality rule.
